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Telling organisations that their websites are inaccessible

When you encounter a website that has accessibility problems, it can be a good idea to contact the organization behind the website to let them know about the problem and encourage them to fix it. To help make this a little easier, the W3C WAI has published a draft document called Contacting Organizations about Inaccessible Websites.

The document contains tips, discusses different approaches, and includes a few sample e-mails to show you what a message describing an accessibility problem can look like. Shawn Lawton Henry talks about the initiative a bit more in Take a few minutes to encourage web accessibility. You can make a difference. on the W3C Blog.

I think it’s very important to contact organizations with inaccessible websites. They might not be aware of the problem. Even if they are, the more feedback they get about it the likelier they are to fix it.

In her blog post Shawn says this, which is something you should keep in mind:

Just yelling at your computer isn't going to get the accessibility barriers fixed. Just complaining on a blog or other place where the organization won't see it isn't likely to help.

I know from personal experience that it can be hard to stay calm and avoid making your message more confrontational than it needs to be (which I have been guilty of more than once), but I think you are more likely to get the results you want by being as positive as the situation allows. This is emphasized in the WAI document:

When contacting an organization about accessibility, consider what approach will get the results you want. The tone of your emails, phone calls, and other communications will impact how people react and respond.

Often it is best when you first contact an organization to assume that they don’t know about the accessibility barriers on their website. Based on their response and what you learn about the organization's position on accessibility, you can adjust your approach and choose follow up actions that are likely to be most effective.

Contacting Organizations about Inaccessible Websites is currently a draft published for public review. If you have comments or suggestions, either post them to the W3C Blog entry or send them to wai-eo-editors@w3.org by February 3, 2010.

W3C HTML Accessibility Task Force

As a number of people have stated, there are some accessibility issues in HTML 5. Hopefully the HTML Accessibility Task Force will help straighten those out:

The objective of HTML Accessibility Task Force is to help ensure that HTML 5 provides features to enable Web content to be accessible to people with disabilities. This includes review of existing features for potential accessibility problems, and proposal of new features where needed.

Material related to accessibility in HTML 5 can currently be found at the HTML ESW wiki, the PF (Protocols and Formats) ESW wiki, and the PF wiki.

Error messages for corrupt HTML

Vlad Alexander asks Should error messages be displayed for corrupt HTML5?. Sure, why not.

Many people who do not like the idea of browsers displaying error messages for corrupt/invalid HTML tend to equate error messages with the “Yellow screen of death” that Firefox and other Gecko-based browsers display when they encounter a non well-formed XHTML document served as application/xhtml+xml.

This is often referred to as “draconian error handling” and is indeed quite harsh. But it is not the only possible way of notifying the user that something is wrong with the document they are viewing. Error notification can be a lot more discrete, like the smiley that iCab displays in the status bar. It’s sad if there are errors in the document’s HTML or CSS, happy if there are none. Click the sad smiley and you get a list of the errors. Completely unobtrusive in my opinion. Safari for the iPhone and iPod Touch has a somewhat similar feature in the Debug Console (which is hidden by default).

If you feel strongly either way about error messages for broken HTML, you may want to read An open invitation to the HTML5 team, where Vlad invites Ian Hickson, editor of the HTML 5 specification, to debate on this topic.

If you must use a dropdown menu, make sure its keyboard friendly

Dropdown menus (a.k.a. flyout or DHTML menus) are not on my personal list of favourite features to use on a website. Many others seem to like them though, and that’s fine as long as such menus are implemented in an accessible way, which to a large extent means making them keyboard friendly.

Unfortunately, most dropdown menus I come across in the wild are not keyboard friendly. A couple of common examples:

  • No real links: Sub-level links cannot be revealed without using a mouse, and top-level items are not linked to sub-pages. Not revealing the sub-menus for non-mouse users may be ok if the top-level items are actual links to pages that contain the sub-level links in a normal, visible sub-menu. That way the dropdown menus do not prevent people from navigating the site and can be seen as an enhancement for users who like them.
  • Tabbing black hole: Sub-level links are not displayed on focus but exist in the tab order, which makes them technically accessible but also creates a "tabbing black hole" for non-mouse users. Since there is no visual feedback unless you use a mouse they are extremely difficult to use.

Next time you implement a dropdown menu, please make sure to avoid these problems.

Further reading on this subject:

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